{"id":98100,"date":"2022-04-01T08:00:46","date_gmt":"2022-04-01T12:00:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/\/?p=98100"},"modified":"2022-04-07T09:30:10","modified_gmt":"2022-04-07T13:30:10","slug":"what-is-topcon-solar-panel-technology","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/\/2022\/04\/what-is-topcon-solar-panel-technology\/","title":{"rendered":"What is TOPCon solar panel technology?"},"content":{"rendered":"
While PERC (passivated emitter rear contact) technology has become ubiquitous in solar panel manufacturing, a different process is expected to emerge as a top contender. TOPCon, or tunnel oxide passivated contact, was introduced<\/a> to the industry in 2013 by the Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems in Germany and has been used by mainstream Chinese manufacturers since at least 2019. It pairs a tunneling oxide layer with a PERC solar cell to reduce recombination losses and increase cell efficiency.<\/p>\n In a few extra steps, TOPCon makes a PERC cell more powerful and efficient.<\/p>\n Plain PERC technology has a theoretical efficiency limit of about 24%, denoting how much solar energy the panel can convert to usable electricity, so to continue pushing forward, manufacturers use more advanced \u201cpassivated contact technology.\u201d LONGi announced in 2021<\/a> that it had reached 25.21% efficiency for n-type bifacial TOPCon cells, and a few months later JinkoSolar reached<\/a> 25.4% efficiency.<\/p>\n Trina Solar double-glass bifacial modules using TOPCon technology<\/p><\/div>\n The incremental TOPCon efficiency advancements continued in 2022: Trina Solar hit 25.5% efficiency<\/a> with the largest 210-mm cell size in March. The company has not yet released a TOPCon product to the North American market, but the innovation may reach Western shores soon due to TOPCon\u2019s easy gains in cell efficiency and reliability, said Zixuan (Rocky) Li, product manager at Trina Solar.<\/p>\n \u201cHigher efficiency allows the panel to harvest more energy per unit area,\u201d he said. TOPCon has an 80% \u201cbifaciality\u201d rate compared to PERC\u2019s 70%, which lets TOPCon modules \u201charvest more energy from the rear side compared to PERC bifacial modules, which is favorable for ground-mount utility projects,\u201d Li said.<\/p>\n These cell advances are accomplished rather easily on PERC cells when compared to brand new manufacturing processes. PERC adds a passivated film to the back of ordinary solar cells to absorb more light that may have passed the initial cell surface. TOPCon takes that same PERC film and adds an ultra-thin oxide layer on top as another barrier to contain unabsorbed light.<\/p>\n<\/a>